History of Nissan

Nissan company formed as a result of gradual merging of several automakers. It all began in 1914, when he worked in the company Kwaishinsha Co. Kendzhiro Den (Kenjiro Den), Rokuro Aoyama (Rokuro Aoyama) and Meytaro Takeuchi (Meitaro Takeuchi) constructed a passenger car equipped with two-cylinder engine producing 10 hp and called it the "DAT" - the first letters of their names. At the same time the word "dat" in Japanese means "alive, alert." In 1915, the model was published "DAT-31", and in 1916 - "DAT-41". In the same year, after the merger with Lila, production shifted from Tokyo (where it was before) to Osaka. At this time, the company primarily engaged in the production of commercial vehicles. Another company, which became one of the "parents» Nissan, was founded in 1919 Jitsuyo Jidosha Co., Ltd. It produced developed by the American engineer William Gorham three-wheeled vehicles, imported from the U.S., spare parts, tools for automotive production and was at that time one of the most advanced in the field of auto industry. In 1926, it merged with Kwaishinsha Co. Formed a company called Dat Jidosha Seizo Co., In 1931, teamed up with the company Tobata Casting, educated Yoshisuke Aikawa (Yoshisuke Aikawa) and became known as the Tobata / Imono. It was decided to re-start production of passenger cars, a model Datson (it was translated as "son of Date"), later Datsun ("son" altered to "sun" - «Sun", the national symbol of Japan.) By the way, under the brand name Datsun cars produced until 1983.  In 1933 Tobata / Imono merged with another manufacturer - Nihon Sanyo, and the company was born Jidosha Seizo Co., Ltd. Aikawa became its president. At the time he dreamed that the company will produce 10-15 thousand cars per year and planned to bring their dreams to life. In 1934 Jidosha Seizo renamed as Nissan Motor Co. Ltd. The construction of the plant in Yokohama, the first cars with the brand Datsun exported to Asia and Central and South America parties reach 44 units. In 1935 the production line at Yokohama coming off the first car 14 Datsun Sedan. The hood of the car was decorated with the figure of a leaping rabbit - it symbolized the high (at the time) the speed of the car. In 1936, the company buys equipment from the firm Graham and the next, in 1937 it develops the assembly of cars. Then plant in Yokohama was released 10,000 th car. However, World War II approached, production has gradually shifted from small cars to army trucks, and during the war, Nissan also produced engines for military aircraft and motor boats. In 1943, the plant was completed Yoshivara, and the company has once again changed its name - this time on Nissan Heavy Industries, Ltd. (In 1949, returned to the old name). In 1945, the company resumed production of trucks, but, although the plant Yokohama escaped destruction by aerial bombardments, more than half of production facilities were requisitioned by the occupying authorities. This situation lasted for about 10 years after the war. In this difficult period, many car dealership who had previously worked with Nissan, Toyota switched to - after the collapse of Japan Motor Vehicle Distribution Co., During the war, the former monopoly in distribution transport. However, in 1947, was resumed car production Datsun.  In 1950, Nissan takes a share of the company Minsei Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. (Currently Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd.) And begins to develop and produce cars for the overseas market. 1951 saw the advent of all-wheel drive SUV Patrol, whose history is still ongoing and it is characterized by numerous victories in rally-raids. In 1952, to fill the technological void the war years, Nissan signed a technology agreement with the British company Austin Motor Co., Ltd and a year later, in 1953, released the first car off the assembly line Austin. In the same 1953 Nissan carries a 100-day strike of its workers, formed a company union. 1955 was the start of series production models Datsun 110 and 120, and in 1958 started exporting cars to the U.S.. Then two cars Datsun 210 were in Rally Australia, and took first place there. A year later, production began on the first manufacturing plant abroad - in Taiwan, and was put into production model Bluebird.  The following year, in 1960, came the model Cedric. Along with the Bluebird she won the affection of Japanese customers and accelerate the pace of motorization in Japan. Then was established Nissan Motor Corporation in the United States, Nissan has won praise Deming, is awarded for excellence in the organization of production, and under the name Datsun pickups only beginning to produce for the domestic market and some models for export. 1961 was the year when Nissan took the first place in terms of exports to the U.S. and formed the company Nissan Mexicana, SA de C.V. (It started production in 1966). In 1962, the construction of the plant Oppama, and in 1965 - Zama plant. A year later, the company merged with Nissan Prince Motors plant and buys Murayama, opens the company Nissan Motor Co. In Australia, at the same model debuts Sunny, symbolize of a period of rapid growth in the production of small cars, and the lineup of Prince added models Skyline and Gloria. In 1968 he signed a business agreement with Fuji Heavy Industries, in 1969 produced a sports car Nissan / Datsun 240Z. This car is designed for sale in the United States and later adapted to the European market, has become the sales leader in its class and started the popularity of Nissan worldwide. The outcome of the 60s was the release of Nissan in second place (after Toyota) car manufacturer in Japan, the introduction of foreign markets (in 1969 total exports exceeded 1,000,000 units), its strong growth and expansion of the model range. 70 years marked a Nissan for the establishment of production facilities abroad, development of jet and marine engines. Growth of car ownership has led to an increase in the number of accidents and the need to address the problem of air pollution. In 1971, Nissan developed its first experimental safety vehicle (ESV - Experimental Safety Vehicle) and has since been implemented in their cars a lot of security-related technologies. In addition, the technology being developed to reduce harmful substances in the exhaust - in accordance with accepted standards at the time. 1972 was marked by the release of 10 million cars on the Nissan factory in Japan, 1973 - The opening of the center in the sale of spare parts Sagamihara. In the wake of the increasing popularity of Japanese cars after the energy crisis of the 1970s model Sunny took first place in the tests the U.S. Agency for Environmental Protection, becoming the most economical car in the U.S. and gained immense popularity. Sold it for advertising slogan "Datsun saves." In 1974, the Research Foundation based Nissan, in 1975 opened another plant - Kyushu and Nissan car sales in Japan reached the 10 million mark. In 1976, due to our own fleet of Nissan became the largest car exporter in the world, and the next year the total number of vehicles sold steps over 20 million. In 1979, the company opened in the U.S. Nissan Design International (NDI). In the 1980s, Nissan offers two strategic manufacturing bases overseas - in 1980 in the U.S. (Nissan Motor Manufacturing Corp.), And in 1984 - in the UK (Nissan Motor Manufacturing (UK) Limited). In 1981, the world starts selling cars under the Nissan brand as part of a new corporate programs to promote the brand, produced 30 million cars; Nissan signed an agreement with Volkswagen for the production and sale of passenger cars in Japan, completed technical center (Nissan Technical Center). In 1982, Nissan Safari Rally wins fourth consecutive year, produces one of the first wagon - Prairie and announces a new brand - the actual Nissan. With the next, in 1983 all the company cars are beginning to produce branded Nissan, except for pickup. This year begins production of the Patrol (Safari) Nissan factory in Spain and Datsun pickup truck plant in the United States. There, in the U.S., the company offers Nissan Research & Development, Inc. In 1984, through an agreement with Volkswagen, Nissan begins production of the Santana. Stating in a 1986 new corporate principles, in 1987 Nissan wins competition "Japanese Car of the Year" - more precisely, win his model Pulsar, EXA, Langley and Liberta Villa. At the same time exports of cars Nissan enters 20 millionth mark. In the same year he published a model of Be-1, and the company Daewoo Motor starts production and sale of Vanette trucks in South Korea. In 1988, Europe was a model Maxima, Japan - Cima, and the model Silvia Q's win "Good Design Grand Prize". The following year, Silvia gets the title of the winner in the contest "Japanese Car of the Year".  90 years to start the presentation of a new model of the middle class - Primera (1990). In the same year model 300ZX was the best import car in the United States. At this time, the total number of vehicles produced over 50 million (including 10 million in only one plant - Zama) and along with Canon, Sony, NEC and Hitachi was founded project Tokyo Design Network (TDN). In the U.S., the company opened Nissan North America, which serves as the headquarters of operations in the U.S. market. And in 1991, Nissan is reorganizing its parts suppliers association and founded a new distributor in the UK - Nissan Motor (GB) Ltd. Due to the rapid growth in road communications and information systems, together with Nissan is founded Hitachi Xanavi Informatics Corporation. A British Nissan Motor Manufacturing (UK) Ltd. starts exporting to Japan, its 5-door hatchback Primera UK. 1992 was the year of the foundation of Hokkaido proving ground (it conducted tests with low temperatures). In the U.S. market began production of the Altima (Bluebird), a minivan Quest (joint project with Ford), and in the UK there is a model Micra (March), which became the 1993 Car of the Year in Europe, the car of the year in Japan, and won the prize RJC New Car of the Year in the same place. In the same 1993 for the European market begins production wheel drive model Terrano II. Nissan is expanding its market presence in China, Thailand and Taiwan. In South Korea, the 1994 Nissan signed an agreement on the joint production of passenger cars by Samsung Heavy Industries Co. and opened a regional office in Dubai - Nissan Middle East FZE. In the same year presented an updated Maxima. The following year, began production model Almera, Micra model begins to be delivered to Australia, Indonesia organized a joint venture between PT Ismac Nissan Manufacturing (with Indomobil and Marubeni). In 1996, the plant marked the release of Iwaki 500000th series engine VQ. In 1997, Nissan started selling models Primera and Bluebird with CVT (Hyper CVT, continuously variable transmission), enabling increased fuel economy, as well as developing a hybrid vehicle HEV (hybrid electric vehicle); and in 1998 started production of the Presage with a diesel engine, equipped with direct fuel injection. At this time Nissan owes creditors $ 40 billion. In order to avoid financial ruin, Nissan in 1999, established an alliance with Renault, which bought nearly 40% of its shares. As a result of the automotive world, a new alliance - Renault-Nissan. At the end of 1999 only the Renault-Nissan Alliance has released about 4 million cars. In addition, Nissan has launched a test drive on public roads, Tino Hybrid model and started selling models Cedric / Gloria with an automatic transmission of a new generation of "Extroid CVT", which was the first case in the world to install the variator rear wheel cars with engines of large volume. Disclosed a new plan to revive the effectiveness of the company. Car exports reached 30 million units. In the UK, off the assembly line millionth Primera. Cedric / Gloria wins the prize "RJC New Car of the Year 1999-2000"; Extroid CVT gets the prize "Technology of the Year" 1999-2000. In early 2000, conducted an official release Tino hybrid and electric double Hypermini. Tino Hybrid starts to sell online. Engine QG18DE, be available in the Bluebird Sylphy, receives the award RJC the Technology of the Year. In California, starting with the sale of the car Sentra Super low substances in the exhaust (super ultra low emission vehicle - SULEV). As part of the alliance with Renault announced a long-term strategy is to work on the common market of South America (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay), and Japanese Nissan dealers begin selling cars Renault. Announcing the creation of a world leading company - Global Nissan (GNX). In 2001, Nissan and Renault opens first joint plant in Brazil. Nissan begins construction of an assembly plant in Mississippi, and starts the drive-test model Xterra FCV, running on hydrogen, on public roads in Sacramento. Car production at the plant Murayama stops. On the Paris-Dakar Rally first in its class is the car Nissan Pathfinder. For 2002, Nissan increased its market share in Renault to 15% and the Renault Nissan - to 44.4%. Nissan Altima was the car of the year in North America, there was a model Moco, which Nissan has entered the market microcar, plan to revive the company's performance is made for the year and announced a new three-year business plan - Nissan 180. To date, Nissan is the second-largest Japanese automaker and one of the leaders in the global auto industry, in addition to having its plants in Japan, a lot of departments and subsidiaries around the world: in the USA, Europe, Australia, South America, Asia - all in 17 countries .